Influence of Parapets on Wave Overtopping on Mound Breakwaters with Crown Walls

Jorge Molines,M Esther Gómez-Martín,Josep R Medina,Arnau Bayon

doi:10.3390/su11247109

Jorge Molines, M Esther Gómez-Martín + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247109

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Journal: Sustainability	Publication Date: Dec 11, 2019
Citations: 12	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universitat Politècnica de València

Abstract

Background literature on the influence of parapets on the overtopping of mound breakwaters is limited. In this study, numerical tests were conducted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze the influence of nine crown wall geometries (seven with parapets). The CFD model was implemented in OpenFOAM® and successfully validated with laboratory tests. A new estimator of the dimensionless mean wave-overtopping discharges (logQ) on structures with parapets is proposed. The new estimator depends on the estimation of logQ of the same structure without a parapet. The effects on wave overtopping of the parapet angle (εp), parapet width (wp), and parapet height (hp) were analyzed. Low values of εp and wp/hp ≈ 1 produced the highest parapet effectiveness to reduce the mean wave-overtopping discharges.

Highlights

The crest elevation of conventional mound breakwaters must ensure the mean wave-overtopping discharge is below acceptable limits
Wave overtopping on mound breakwaters with crown walls can be decreased by (1) increasing the size of the breakwater, or (2) using a parapet on the crown wall
EurOtop [2] proposed the method from van Doorslaer et al [6] to account for the effect caused by a parapet on wave overtopping on dikes, as well as the methods of Kortenhaus et al [7] and Pearson et al [12], on vertical structures; no method has been proposed for mound breakwaters

Summary

Introduction

The crest elevation of conventional mound breakwaters must ensure the mean wave-overtopping discharge is below acceptable limits. Castellino et al [14] and Martinelli et al [15] conducted numerical and experimental investigations, respectively, of non-breaking wave forces and overtopping discharges on vertical breakwaters with parapets. Their data showed good agreement with the reduction factor proposed by Pearson et al [12]. EurOtop [2] proposed the method from van Doorslaer et al [6] to account for the effect caused by a parapet on wave overtopping on dikes, as well as the methods of Kortenhaus et al [7] and Pearson et al [12], on vertical structures; no method has been proposed for mound breakwaters

Physical Model

Numerical Model

Validation of the Numerical Model