Influence of nutrients and plant growth regulators on growth parameters and yield of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)

Abstract

Pigeonpea is the second most important pulse crop after chickpea in India. The yield of pigeonpea is very low due to indeterminate growth habit and poor source-sink relationship. Plant growth regulators are known to influence the source-sink relationship and stimulate the translocation of photo-assimilates thereby helping in effective flower formation, fruit and seed development and ultimately enhance productivity of the crops. With this background, a field experiment was conducted with pigeonpea (CO Rg 7) under irrigated condition in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. An experiment was aimed at determining the effect of various nutrients and growth-promoting hormones on the growth parameters and yield of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.). The Factorial Randomised Block Design was used in the field trial and was replicated three times. At the vegetative stage, the treatments included foliar sprays of growth inhibitors such as M2-Mepiquat chloride (MC) @ 500 pp, M3-Chlormequat chloride (CC) @ 500 ppm and M1- Control. At flower initiation and 15 days later, various plant growth regulators, such as T2-SA (100 ppm), T3-BR (0.1 ppm), T4-Napthyl acetic acid (40 ppm), T5-Nutrients (ZnSO4 @ 0.5 percent + H3BO3 @ 0.3 percent, T6-Mono Ammonium Phosphate @ 2 percent, and T7-TNAU Pulse Wonder @ 1 percent), T8-Nutrient consortia I (1%) and T9-Nutrient consortia II (1%), were used. Among the treatments, the combination of Chlormequat chloride and nutrient consortia treatments (M3T8&M3T9) had better performances in growth parameters and yield of pigeonpea (CO Rg 7). Foliar application of M3T8-Chlormequat chloride and Nutrient consortia I (1%) resulted significantly (P<0.05) in the highest Total dry matter production (64.85; 82.96 g plant-1), Leaf area (1629; 1873 cm-2 plant-1), Leaf area index (1.358; 1.561), Specific leaf weight (7.29; 10.34 mg cm-2) and Seed yield (1133 kg ha-1) when compared to other treatments. The present study that the application of a combined formulation of hormones and nutrients present in the nutrient consortia at the flowering and pod formation stages influenced the growth parameters and resulted in higher seed yield.