Abstract
Purpose: A common cause of pain and inability to work in western industrialized countries is lower back pain. Degeneration of the intervertebral discs (IVD) plays a major role in the genesis of back pain. Many studies have shown that progressive degeneration of the IVD (IVDD) goes hand in hand with invasion of blood vessels and concomitant sprouting of sympathetic nerve fibers. In a recent study, we were able to demonstrate the presence of all adrenoceptor subtypes on IVD cells. However, the contribution of sympathetic neurotransmitters to IVD degeneration, characterized by matrix degradation and inflammation, remains unclear.
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