Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the clinical behavior of sucking habits in children between 2 to 6 years old in a private (A1) and a public school (A2) in the state of Piauí. Methods: It was cross-sectional and quantitative study in 340 participants, 169 in A1 and 171 in A2. The researchers asked the children evaluated to keep their teeth occluded while analyzing whether there was no contact between the anterior teeth and no lip sealing, characterizing the anterior openbite for G1 or if there was contact between the incisors, with lip sealing, characterizing the control group (G2). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding bottle feeding at main meals (χ2 = 3.03; p = 0.08). However, regarding the use of a pacifier, there was a statistically significant association (χ2 = 17.99; p <0.01) between pacifier use and the presence of anterior openbite. Such association was also observed between digital sucking habit and malocclusion (χ2 = 8.99; p = 0.01). Only the parents of the children with anterior openbite noticed the disharmony in the occlusion. It can be deduced that there was an awareness of parents /guardians about the disharmony generated by non-nutritive sucking habits. Conclusion: Nonnutritive sucking habits influenced the appearance of the anterior open bite in children with deciduous dentition. Nonnutritive sucking habits, such as digital sucking and pacifiers, are significantly associated with the presence of anterior open bite. Breastfeeding is important in preventing this malocclusion.
Highlights
Open bite can be defined as a deficiency in normal vertical contact between antagonist teeth and may manifest in a limited region or, more rarely, throughout the dental arch
If the lack of contact of the teeth is located in the incisors and / or canines region, and when the occlusion is in centric relation, it is renamed anterior open bite[1,2,3]
Inclusion criteria were children in primary dentition, with or without non-nutritive sucking habit. Those who presented anterior open bite were named G1 and those without this malocclusion were classified as G2, between 2 and 6 years old, whose parents or guardians and the children accepted the research
Summary
Open bite can be defined as a deficiency in normal vertical contact between antagonist teeth and may manifest in a limited region or, more rarely, throughout the dental arch. If the lack of contact of the teeth is located in the incisors and / or canines region, and when the occlusion is in centric relation, it is renamed anterior open bite[1,2,3] This malocclusion has a multifactorial origin and is almost always associated with an orofacial myofunctional disharmony, either due to hereditary or environmental factors. Suction is a natural reflection of the human being and has been present since intrauterine life This maneuver involves various structures such as the tongue, cheeks and lips, and stimulates the normal growth of the jaws and stomatognathic structures. In early life, this habit is related to the child’s diet and nutrition, as well as psychological and emotional development aspects[5,6]
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