Influence of Ni2+ substitution on the structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of Cu–Cd ferrite nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanoparticles with compositions of Cu0.4−0.5xCd0.2Ni0.4+xFe2−0.5xO4 (0.0⩽x⩽0.5) were successfully synthesized by a citrate–nitrate sol–gel auto combustion route. The combusted powder was calcinated at four hours in a furnace and then slowly cooled to room temperature. The analysis methods of FTIR, XRD, FESEM, VSM and dielectric measurements were used to characterize prepared magnetic particles. The effect of Ni2+ substitution on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of Cu–Cd ferrite nanoparticles was studied. The comprehensive studies on compositional and frequency dependent dielectric properties were carried out by means of AC conductivity (σac), imaginary dielectric constant (ε′′), loss tangent (tanδ), impedance and dielectric modulus (real and imaginary) measurements in frequency range of 50Hz–5MHz at room temperature. The structural properties investigated by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction pattern and FTIR results revealed that synthesized samples are in single phase. It is observed that the dielectric constant (ε′′) and dielectric loss (tanδ) value decreases with increase in Ni2+ concentration (x). At low frequency the Maxwell type interfacial polarization was observed. Magnetization measurement shows that the Curie temperature of the samples increases with Ni2+ concentration, which is explained by a change in the A–O–B super exchange interaction.