Abstract
This study emphasis on a novel fabrication technique to fabricate hybrid cermets using Al 6061 alloy with nano sized SiC, Al2O3 and TiO2 as reinforcements. During the fabrication process, the melted pool was ultrasonicated to disperse nanoparticles at 20 kHz for 5 min and pressure of 50 MPa was applied to eliminate voids. The influence of nanoparticles on physical, thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile, wear and thermal studies. Cermets with Al2O3 reinforcements showed higher mechanical performance compared to Al alloy. This enhancement could be related to the uniform distribution of Al2O3 with refinement in grain size of Al alloy which was observed via surface analysis. The morphological studies provided justifiable evidence of homogeneous distribution, nominal cluster along with agglomeration and cavities shrinking on the cermets. The agglomeration of nanoparticles along with SiC protected the cermet in corrosion and abrasive wear by ~ 97% and ~ 71%. The study evidenced the novel fabrication method using ultrasonic rheo-squeeze casting led to improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of the hybrid cermets.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Aluminium based alloys and composites are widely used in aerospace, automobile, marine, defence applications owing to their strength-to-weight ratio, good creep and chemical resistance along with rapid and low-cost manufacturing processes [1]
Mechanical properties viz., hardness, tensile strength and wear behaviour of the cermets have been investigated and the results showed that the hybrid cermets showed increased mechanical properties along with higher corrosion resistance with increasing ceramic particles in Al alloy
The results of ultimate tensile strength of accumulation of 2% SiC (ALS), ALSA and ALST increased by 21.36%, 35.68% and 27.5% compared with the base alloy of Al 6061
Summary
Aluminium based alloys and composites are widely used in aerospace, automobile, marine, defence applications owing to their strength-to-weight ratio, good creep and chemical resistance along with rapid and low-cost manufacturing processes [1]. Researchers have tended towards nanoparticles which need special reinforcing mechanisms such as Orowan mechanism, thermal discrepancy and load transfer mechanisms to strengthen the cermet according to applicational requirements [6,7,8]. Many researchers have worked on the reinforcement of aluminium alloys using single reinforcements such as SiC and TiO2 [9, 10]. Bobic et al reported that at high temperatures the reaction between SiC and aluminium alloys led to the formation of aluminium carbide which has resulted in increased mechanical properties of cermet but failed towards the corrosion resistance [11]. The TiO2 nanoparticles have proven to increase the base alloy wear resistance and density but severely reduce the thermal expansion [12]. Various researchers have studied the effect of introducing additional reinforcements towards
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