Abstract
Nano-clay is one of the innovation recently been studies as one of the enhancing materials to the soils. By adding a slight amount of nano-clay can improve some of behaviour such as hydraulic conductivity. Therefore, this research will investigate the performance of the hydraulic behaviour of different percentage of nano-clay in developing new soil liner design to be used in landfill. To complete the objectives, bentonite was pulverized by the process of high energy milling to obtain nano-bentonite. The milling sample is being analysed using Zeta Potential Analyzer and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The laboratory studies were conducted by the determination geotechnical properties of the liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index shrinkage limit, particle density, compaction characteristic and also hydraulic conductivity value of raw bentonite mixed with 0%1%,2% and 3% of nano-bentonite. The laboratories result shows that the value of liquid limit, plastic limit, particle density and maximum dry density is increase in every addition of nano percentages meanwhile the value of plasticity index, optimum moisture content and hydraulic conductivity is decrease after adding nano-bentonite in the sample. The result shows the improvement of the soil by the geotechnical properties with addition of small amount of nano-bentonite.
Highlights
Nowadays, generation of the waste is getting higher as the number of population
Synthetic liner durability is limited in time while natural mineral liner can persist thousands of years (Stepniewski et al, 2000)
Synthetic liner such as geomembrane made of polyethylene sheet are of the option to prevent the penetration of leachate, but their land decomposition period and sensitivity to the light made them less appropriate (Kananizadeh, 2011)
Summary
Generation of the waste is getting higher as the number of population. Even by the incentive of the government by encouraging people to recycle and ruse, it does not affect the number of waste generated. As a barrier from the leachate to penetrate into soil, bottom liner is implemented in landfill design. Synthetic liner durability is limited in time while natural mineral liner can persist thousands of years (Stepniewski et al, 2000) Synthetic liner such as geomembrane made of polyethylene sheet are of the option to prevent the penetration of leachate, but their land decomposition period and sensitivity to the light made them less appropriate (Kananizadeh, 2011). Natural mineral soil such as compacted clay is widely been used as the last barrier in landfill cross-sectional design. Bentonite is a two to one layered smectite clay mineral with platy structure (Kananizadeh, 2011) It is widely being used in landfill as the characteristic of bentonite have low hydraulic conductivity. A study has been performed to design new soil liner design that meet the criteria of having low hydraulic conductivity
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