Abstract
This study evaluated the uptake of secondary nano- and small microparticles by the protozoan Spirostomum ambiguum, comparing edible (baker’s yeasts) and inedible (red latex) particles. Secondary nano- and microplastic particles were prepared from household materials made of four different polymers and served to the protozoans separately and as two-component mixtures in different proportions. The number and content of food vacuoles formed by the protozoan were analyzed using a digital microscope. The microscopic results showed that the protozoans ingested the secondary microplastic particles to a similar degree as the latex microspheres but to a lesser extent compared to the nutritional food—baker’s yeasts. At the microplastic concentrations of 1000 and 10,000 particles mL−1, no food vacuoles were observed inside the cells, which may be a finding of great ecological importance. In the protozoans served two-component mixtures, both microplastics and yeasts were found in the vacuoles formed by the organisms. The egestion of two-component vacuoles by the protozoans was slower than that of vacuoles containing a single component.
Highlights
Due to their chemical stability and high resistance to degradation, plastics can be found in all ecosystems
The present study aimed to evaluate the uptake of secondary nano- and small microparticles in comparison to the round, regular-shaped edible and inedible particles by Spirostomum ambiguum protozoans
This study assessed the effect of secondary nano- and microplastics on filter-feeding protozoans using secondary nano- and small microplastics prepared from household materials
Summary
Due to their chemical stability and high resistance to degradation, plastics can be found in all ecosystems. Several scientific reports have been published describing the fate and effects of microplastics in marine and freshwater ecosystems [1,2,3,4,5]. Plastic particles that are used as raw materials or additives in personal care products, such as peelings and shower gels, are primary microplastics [5,6,7,8]. On the other hand, are a more diverse group and include particles formed as a result of manufacturing processes in industries, laundry in households, and the photodegradation or mechanical grinding of larger pieces in the environment [6].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
