Abstract
A possible approach for providing new properties for textiles is the insertion of natural ingredients into the textile product during the process of its manufacture. Myrrh has long been used in medicine as an antibacterial and antifungal material. Polylactide (PLA) is a thermoplastic synthetic biopolymer obtained from renewable resources—and due its biodegradability, is also widely used in medicine. In this study, films and multifilament yarns from modified biodegradable PLA granules with ethanolic and aqueous myrrh extracts were developed and characterized. Optical microscopy was used to determine the surface morphology of PLA/myrrh multifilament yarns. Tensile tests, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to determine, consequently, mechanical, optical properties and degree of crystallinity of PLA/myrrh films and multifilament yarns. The chemical composition of PLA/myrrh multifilament yarns was estimated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy method. The results showed that it is possible to form PLA melt-spun multifilament yarns with myrrh extract. The type of myrrh extract (ethanolic or aqueous) has a significant influence on the mechanical and optical properties of the PLA films and melt-spun yarns. The mechanical properties of PLA films and melt-spun multifilament yarns formed from PLA granules with aqueous myrrh extract decreased 19% and 21% more than PLA with ethanolic extract, respectively. Analysis of UV-vis spectra showed that, due to the yellow hue, the reflectance of PLA films and melt-spun PLA multifilament yarns modified with myrrh extracts decreased exponentially. The DSC test showed that multifilament yarns from PLA modified with aqueous extract had the highest degree of crystallization.
Highlights
Melt spinning or hot melt extrusion, is one of the most widely used processes to produce polymeric filaments
Melted polymer had an outflow through calibrated capillary at 22-N load and it was estimated that melt flow of pure PLA—41 ± 4 g/10 min; PLA modified with ethanolic myrrh extract—41 ± 2 g/10 min and PLA modified with aqueous myrrh extract—34 ± 1 g/10 min
The modification of PLA granules with myrrh extracts caused an decrease in breaking stress (MPa) and elongation at break (%) of PLA films
Summary
Melt spinning or hot melt extrusion, is one of the most widely used processes to produce polymeric filaments. The primary process variables of melt spinning are extrusion temperature; mass throughput per spinneret hole; cooling conditions; size and shape of the spinneret holes; spin line length and take-up velocity of the filaments or filament drawing ratio. These process variables influence the structure and properties of the melt-spun filaments [6]. Polylactide (PLA) is a thermoplastic synthetic biopolymer with unique bio-properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial activity, due to which it is widely used for biomedical application (such as musculoskeletal injuries, tissue engineering, drug release systems) [7,8,9].
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