Abstract
In the current work, the influences of Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–hexanol and Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–ethanol blends on compression ignition engine characteristics were experimentally investigated. Experiments were conducted on a diesel engine at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% load conditions run at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. The results revealed that B90-D5-H5 acquired the lowest BSFC and maximum BTE of 0.375 kg kW−1 h−1 and 28.8%, respectively, and B100 had the highest BSFC of 0.425 kg kW−1 h−1. B90-D5-H5 had the highest cylinder peak pressure of 74 bar at 4°CA aTDC. The maximum heat release rate (HRR) and longer ignition delay (ID) period of 44 J per °CA and 14.4°CA, respectively, were attained in the B90-D5-H5 blend. At 100% load condition, the lowest amount of carbon monoxide (CO) of 0.32% vol. was acquired in the B80-D5-E15 blend. The maximum nitric oxide (NO) emission of 1090 ppm was also acquired in the B80-D5-E15 blend. B100 had the lowest NO of 846 ppm; B80-D5-E15 had the lowest unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC) emission of 34 ppm at 100% load and the lowest smoke opacity of 34%. Biodiesel–diesel–alcohol blends improve engine performance and decrease emissions compared to the conventional diesel. The utilization of biodiesel–diesel–alcohol blends reduces the consumption of diesel. Hence, ethanol and hexanol are recommended as potential alternative additives in biodiesel–diesel blends to improve engine performance and reduce emissions.
Highlights
Compression ignition engines play a vital role in the transportation, agricultural and power sectors, but these engines emit harmful emissions like carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) when fueled by the conventional diesel
It is noted that the B90-D5-H5 blend acquired the lowest brake speci c fuel consumption (BSFC) of 0.375 kg kWÀ1 hÀ1, which (5) is 5% greater than conventional diesel, 12% less than the B100 and 10% less than the B80-D5-E15
Neat diesel has the lowest brake speci c energy consumption (BSEC) compared with biodiesel–diesel–alcohol fuel blends owing to its higher calori c value with lower viscosity, which leads to better combustion
Summary
Compression ignition engines play a vital role in the transportation, agricultural and power sectors, but these engines emit harmful emissions like carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) when fueled by the conventional diesel. BTE improved when ethanol percentage was increased due to its lower boiling point compared with conventional diesel, as noticed by Abdullah et al.[9] Huang et al.[11] studied the in uence of diesel–ethanol fuel blends on diesel combustion and emission characteristics. Concerns about environmental pollution, global warming, ozone depletion, depletion of fossil fuel sources and stringent emissions standards have provoked research curiosity to search for new alternatives for diesel engines In this present work, biodiesel was synthesized from Moringa oleifera oil. Without diesel engine modi cation, fueling with pure biodiesel creates more emissions due to its inferior properties, like higher viscosity and density, which affect atomization and evaporation, resulting in lower brake thermal efficiency. In the current study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effects of biodiesel–diesel–ethanol and biodiesel– diesel–hexanol blends on diesel engine performance and combustion characteristics
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