Abstract
Laser-shock-induced spall failure is studied in thin aluminum targets at strain rates from 2 to 5 × 106 s−1. Targets were prepared from high-purity aluminum in the recrystallized condition and a low-impurity aluminum alloy containing 3 wt pct magnesium in both recrystallized and cold-rolled conditions. The effects of material and microstructure on spall fracture morphology are investigated. Recrystallized pure aluminum produced spall fracture surfaces characterized by transgranular ductile dimpling. Recrystallized aluminum-magnesium alloy with a 50-μm grain size produced less ductile spall surfaces, which were dominated by transgranular fracture, with some isolated transgranular ductile dimpling at fast strain rates. Transgranular ductile dimpling regions disappeared in recrystallized alloy specimens with a 23-μm grain size tested at faster rates. Cold-rolled alloy material produced spall failure surfaces consisting of brittle intergranular and transgranular fractures. Measured spall strength increases with increasing ductile fracture character. Spall failure preferentially follows grain boundaries, making grain size an important factor in spall fracture surface character.
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