Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with chronic and recurrent characteristics caused by multiple reasons. Although the pathogenic factors have not been clarified yet, recent studies have demonstrated that intestinal microbiota plays a major role in UC, especially in the immune system. This review focuses on the description of several major microbiota communities that affect UC and their interactions with the host. In this review, eight kinds of microbiota that are highly related to IBD, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa, Bacteroides, Roseburia species, Eubacterium rectale, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium, and Candida albicans are demonstrated on the changes in amount and roles in the onset and progression of IBD. In addition, potential therapeutic targets for UC involved in the regulation of microbiota, including NLRPs, vitamin D receptor as well as secreted proteins, are discussed in this review.
Highlights
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a sort of chronic recurrent disorder with the characteristics of intestinal mucosa inflammation and ulceration [1,2,3]
Considering the complexity and diversity of the human gut microbiota, there is no denying that it is difficult to demonstrate the presence of specific bacterial strains, which play a certain role in the pathogenic mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
It has been reported that interventions such as NLRPs and vitamin D receptor (VDR) may affect the pathogenesis and progression of UC through regulating the composition of microbiota
Summary
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a sort of chronic recurrent disorder with the characteristics of intestinal mucosa inflammation and ulceration [1,2,3]. The microenvironment of the gut forms a good microbiota habitat, which has been demonstrated to affect many physiological conditions in earlier studies [6,7,8]. Since intestinal microbiota is considered as an important organ of the human body in recent times, an increasing number of studies have linked this microenvironment to gastrointestinal diseases. Because the composition of the intestinal microbiota is stable over a period of time, many studies inferred the gut microbiota as a potential predictor of health status and a target for therapeutic intervention [9]. Considering the complexity and diversity of the human gut microbiota, there is no denying that it is difficult to demonstrate the presence of specific bacterial strains, which play a certain role in the pathogenic mechanism of IBD. The relationship between UC and several popular microbiota communities highly related as well as the potential therapeutic targets for UC involved in the regulation of microbiota will be discussed
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