Influence of methods of primary tillage and fungicides on the yield of spring barley

Abstract

The aim of the work was to study the influence of various methods of primary tillage and fungicides on the indicators of the structure of the crop and the productivity of spring barley. The studies were carried out in 2018–2020 on podzolized chernozem in the forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. It was found that weather conditions significantly affect the formation of a productive crop stalk. In years with a dry growing season, the number of ears per unit area is significantly reduced. The use of plowing significantly increased the number of productive stems and the number of grains per ear compared to disc forging and direct sowing. Fungicides had a greater effect on the increase in the mass of 1,000 seeds. Analysis of the biological yield of barley showed that plowing increased the productivity of the crop in comparison with direct sowing and disc forging by 0.40–0.45 t/ha. The use of fungicides significantly increased the grain yield of spring barley. At the same time, the largest grain harvest for 3 years of the study, on average by factor, was observed with the double use of the preparations Spirit and Kolosal Pro. The increase in grain yield in these variants relative to the control was 0.58–0.61 t/ha. The highest productivity of the culture in the experiment was obtained on the option of two-fold application of the fungicide Kolosal Pro on the background of plowing.