Abstract
Amount of thyroid pathology patients in Ukraine increased 3.7 times from 0.9 to 3.5 per 1000 population within a decade. The main reason of most of organs damage associated with hypothyroidism is decreased synthesis of number of cellular enzymes because of thyroid hormones deficiency. Mast cells (MC) play leading role in inflammatory processes, allergic reactions and in autoimmune diseases pathogenesis, since they produce various cytokines. Influence of maternal hypothyroidism on the progeny skin histogenesis and MC correlation is poorly studied. Hypothyroid condition was modeled in Wistar female rats by adding thyreostatic drug mercazolilum (methimazole) 5 mg/kg body mass. Thyroid glands and progeny skin pieces from the back on the 1, 10, 20 and 40 postnatal development days were fixed in 4% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. For MC detection slides were stained by Bismark brown, alcian blue (pH 2.5), toluidine blue. D-Man and β-DGal carbohydrate determinants were studied by use of GNA and PNA lectins labeled with horseradish peroxidase. Lectin receptors visualization was conducted in3’3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride system in Н2О2 presence. Counting the MC number and thyroid glands’ morphometric parameters were conducted on 5 μm thin sections by using UTHSCSA “Image Tool for Windows Version2.00”(USA) computer program. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t-test. Body mass increase, changes in thyroid cells parameters and colloid structure were stated in experimental animals. The biggest MC amount was detected in control animals skin on the 1 day of postnatal development, slight decrease on 10 day and gradual increase till 40 day. MC amount with signs of degranulation increased in experimental animals skin at all stages of the research. Simultaneously, D-Man and β-DGal glycopolymers expression similarity was noted on MC surface. According to MC quantitative-qualitative indicators in skin, hypothyroid female rat progeny should be included into the risk group of immune status change and allergic reactions beginning.
Highlights
Normal and pathological skin and mucosa condition are in close interaction with complicated endocrine and humoral processes
Conducted investigations of experimental group female rats thyroid glands showed, that macroscopically thyroid glands increased by 2 - 3 times in comparison with control group, microscopically-thyroid follicles acquired irregular folded shape, did not contain colloid or it was present in small amounts, thyroid cells hyperplasia and harsh hyperemia of organ were detected
On the base of changed concentration of hormones level in experimental females blood serum (T3 from 1.16 ± 0.11 to 1.04 ± 0.13 nmol/l, p < 0.01; and T4 from 50.0 ± 3.39 nmol/l to 4.67 ± 3.6 nmol/l, p < 0.01) [16], in progeny of hypothyroid females, morphology changes of thyroid glands were observed on the 1st, 10th, 20th and 40th days of postnatal development
Summary
Normal and pathological skin and mucosa condition are in close interaction with complicated endocrine and humoral processes. Some changes in skin and its derivatives are closely connected with endocrine disorders, and are typically manifested and have primary importance for their diagnostics and treatment [1,2]. Chronic hypothyroidism causes dermis structure violations, pelage changes, sweat and sebaceous glands functional changes, skin dryness and increased exfoliation of epidermis, decrease of skin main potential, which changes physiological, immune and biochemical skin functions [3]. Various disorders from the side of cardiovascular system, central nervous system and anemia (36%), high percentage of skin affections (88%): hair loss (40%), skin infections (22%), skin thickening and obesity (49%) were marked in dogs with hypothyroidism [4,5,6,7]. Strus et al / Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 4 (2013) 840-845
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