Influence of malnutrition stage according to GLIM 2019 criteria and SGA on the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer.

Abstract

Introduction: the nutritional status of cancer patients should be screened regularly due to their high risk of malnutrition, which impairs patient quality of life (QoL). Therefore, an assessment of nutritional status is strongly necessary. Recently, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria for assessing the severity of malnutrition were published (2019). Objectives: the primary aim of this study was the assessment of nutritional status and QoL in advanced cancer patients. A secondary aim was to investigate the impact of malnutrition severity on QoL in these patients. Methods: this study included 33 advanced cancer patients (head/neck, esophageal, gastric) from the Nutritional Counselling Centre Copernicus in Gdansk, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland. The assessment of nutritional status was conducted with the 2019 GLIM criteria and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) method. QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: according to the SGA method, most of the patients were malnourished (42.42 %) or severely malnourished (42.42 %). Based on the GLIM criteria, 69.7 % of patients (n = 23) were severely malnourished. Among all participants, the highest impairments of QoL were observed in the environmental and psychological domains of the self-assessed satisfaction with own health questionnaire. Severe malnutrition significantly impairs QoL in the psychological (GLIM stage 2, p = 0.0033; SGA C, p = 0.0310) and somatic domains (GLIM stage 2, p = 0.0423). Conclusions: most patients with advanced cancer are malnourished or severely malnourished. Overall, the QoL of these patients is impaired. The severity of malnutrition has an impact on the QoL of cancer patients, which is observed as an impairment of mainly psychological and somatic aspects. This is the first study assessing the impact of malnutrition severity, as based on the new 2019 GLIM criteria, on the QoL of advanced cancer patients.