Abstract
Influence of Low-Frequency Ultrasound on the Disintegration of Coliform and Fecal Coliform Bacteria
Highlights
In raw municipal wastewater, there is a large percentage of domestic wastewater from municipal farms, the microbiological composition of which is determined by the population of the human intestinal microbiome [Frank et al, 2007]
This method is based on the culture in a liquid medium containing a chromogenic substrate that is hydrolyzed by a specific enzyme and confirms the coliform bacteria
All coliform bacteria belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family, and the current definition [WHO, 2011] specifies that they are the microorganisms capable of producing the β-D-galactosidase enzyme, the activity of which is based on most of the currently used methods of detecting these bacteria
Summary
There is a large percentage of domestic wastewater from municipal farms, the microbiological composition of which is determined by the population of the human intestinal microbiome [Frank et al, 2007]. The prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in raw municipal wastewater is very diverse, often specific to a given country or region. Their primary source is urban and industrial wastewater, animal feces rinsed with rainwater from the surface, and the feces of rats inhabiting sewage systems. Classic wastewater treatment processes ensure a high level of bacteria reduction, even up to 99%. Despite such a high removal efficiency in wastewater, they are still present, among others, in coliform bacteria ranging from 104 to 106/100 cm3 [Michałkiewicz et al, 2011; Butarewicz, 2013]. The US Environmental Protection Agency data indicate that the survival of bacteria in soil and on the surface of plants may reach even one year [US EPA, 2003]
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