Abstract
In recent times the use of high fat ketogenic diet as a treatment strategy in some diseases and weight control has been on the increase. This study aims to elucidate the effect of high fat ketogenic diet on some renal and liver parameters. Forty albino rats were used and divided into four groups. Group A was control; B, C, and D were fed with diets including butter, coconut oil and olive oil respectively for eight weeks. Urine and serum samples were assayed spectrophotometrically. There was a significant difference in urinary albumin (0.13±0.01g/dl) of group D when compared with control (0.22 ± 0.03g/dl). Urinary creatinine concentrations of group D (4.32±0.70mg/dl) was higher than group C (1.75±0.46 mg/dl). Urea of group B (39.40±4.70 mg/dl), group C (29.90±1.46 mg/dl) and group D (40.20±2.62mg/dl) were lower than control group (64.20±3.41mg/dl). Serum creatinine concentrations of group B (1.05±0.09mg/dl), group C (0.85±0.07lmg/dl) and group D (1.03±0.07 mg/dl) were reduced significantly. Albumin: creatinine ratio of group A (120.6±32.04) was higher than that of group D (41.31±8.28). AST (260.1±17.80) was higher in group C compared with A (160.1± 9.510). ALT for D (91.20±18.70), group A (36.00±3.84), serum albumin concentrations of group D (3.590±0.1286), group C (3.590±0.1286) and group A (4.100±0.1814). Total protein concentration of group C (5.390±0.2105), D (5.280± 0.1104) and group A (6.190±0.2496g). Body weight of experimental groups reduced while the control groups increased. This study has confirmed that high fat ketogenic diet can be used for weight management however it could be harmful to the liver but did not show any harmful effects on the kidneys.
Highlights
The use of LCHF ketogenic diet dates back to over 90 years, when the diet was used in the treatment of refractory epilepsy (Wilder, 1921)
Ketogenic diet have been employed in weight management, this is based on the hypothesis that energy from the diet when used up for energy would result in calories waste, supporting weight loss (Feinman & Fine,2007, Halton & Hu 2004)
One hypothesis is that the use of energy from proteins in ketogenic diet is an expensive process for the body and so leads to a waste of calories, increasing weight loss (Feinman and Fine,2007;Fine and Feinman,2004;Halton and Hu,2004) and it’s a remedy for obesity, a major problem affecting up to 30% of the adult population (Kramer and Luke, 2007), with complications including type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal function impairment (Michal et al, 2011)
Summary
The use of LCHF ketogenic diet dates back to over 90 years, when the diet was used in the treatment of refractory epilepsy (Wilder, 1921). Outside its use in weight control, the use of high fat ketogenic diet have been shown to be effective in type 11 diabetes mellitus management as well as in the management of renal impairment (Michal et al, 2011). Tonna et al, (2010) reported the ability of high fat ketogenic diet to reverse diabetic nephropathy. One hypothesis is that the use of energy from proteins in ketogenic diet is an expensive process for the body and so leads to a waste of calories, increasing weight loss (Feinman and Fine,2007;Fine and Feinman,2004;Halton and Hu,2004) and it’s a remedy for obesity, a major problem affecting up to 30% of the adult population (Kramer and Luke, 2007), with complications including type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal function impairment (Michal et al, 2011). The diet reversed blood glucose to normal in akita mice (Susztak et al, 2006) as indicated by urinary albumin/creatinine ratios, and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus it greatly improved fasting glucose levels (Gannon and Nuttall, 2004) and increased insulin sensitivity (Samaha et al, 2003), thereby alleviating glycosuria and http://ijc.ccsenet.org
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