Abstract
As previous research has shown, the use of 3D textiles does not only facilitate the manufacturing process of Textile Reinforced Cement (TRC) composites but also influences the mechanical properties of the TRC. A fundamental understanding of the contribution of the transversal connections in the 3D textile to the loadbearing behavior of 3D TRCs is, however, still lacking in the literature. Therefore, this research experimentally investigates two different parameters of 3D TRCs; firstly, the 3D textile typology, namely knitted versus woven transversal connections, is investigated. Secondly, the influence of the stress direction with respect to the orientation of these connections (parallel or perpendicular) is studied. A clear influence of the orientation is witnessed for the woven 3D TRC system while no influence is observed for the knitted 3D TRC. Both woven and knitted 3D TRC systems show an increased post-cracking bending stiffness compared to an equivalent 2D system (with the same textiles but without transversal connections), yet the woven 3D TRC clearly outperforms the knitted 3D TRC.
Highlights
Textile Reinforced Cement (TRC) is a composite material combining a cementitious mortar with textile fabric reinforcement
This section assesses the influence of the orientation of the transversal connections on the flexural response of TRC composites
This paper investigated the influence of the loading direction on the mechanical response of both a knitted 3D and woven TRC
Summary
Textile Reinforced Cement (TRC) is a composite material combining a cementitious mortar (matrix) with textile fabric reinforcement. The matrix material warrants the structural integrity, while the textile reinforcement allows for a controlled and ductile tensile response of the composite [1,2,3]. The traditionally used planar textile fabrics in TRCs are associated with a hand-layup manufacturing process, which is adequate for strengthening applications [8,18] but time-consuming and labor-intensive for precast TRC elements. Three-dimensional textile reinforcements allow for a TRC manufacturing process by pouring and offer a mechanically superior alternative due to their superior toughness [19] and optimal fiber exploitation in flexural applications. Three-dimensional textiles comprise two (or more) planar textile layers, separated by means of fibrous transversal connections made of non-structural materials such as polyester.
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