Influence of lead intoxication on morphological state of placenta-fertility system in rats in experiment

Abstract

Topicality. Currently, one of the urgent issues of the analysis of environmental pollution is the presence of lead compounds with toxic effect on the functional systems of the human body. Regarding the literature data, lead compounds cause morphofunctional changes primarily in pregnant women’s placenta, leed to various disorders in physiological development of the fetus. Therefore, studies of exogenous effect of lead on the reproductive system of the body is a relevant and timely aspect in predicting and preventing its possible effect on pregnancy and the physiological development of the newborn.Aim. To study the effect of lead to morphological changes in the hematoplacental barrier of rats, morphological disorders of liver and kidney tissues in early postnatal ontogenesis.Materials and methods. An experimental study has been conducted on 30 female rats of weight 200-250 g and 70 rats on the 2-d, 17th, 30th, 40th day of postnatal development. The first group of rats included 10 females with physiological pregnancy. The second group consisted of 20 females who received daily oral lead acetic acid at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight.Results and discussion. The electron microscopic results of experimental studies showed a violation of the compensatory mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier after daily gain of lead acetic acid. Newborn rats obtained by a physiologically healthy pregnancy have in the liver tissues was observed a rearrangement of the embryonic structure, the absence of a lobular and beam structure, a large number of cellular mitoses in the nuclei of hepatocytes. In all the study groups revealed circulatory disorders which manifested in the form of plethora of capillaries, portal and central veins. Erythrocyte hemolysis and areas of marked lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the connective tissue portal tracts were observed.Conclusions. According to the results of the study, it has been found the introduction of lead acetic acid at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day to pregnant rats adduced to dystrophic and discirculatory disorders in liver and kidneys of their offspring in postnatal ontogenesis, proved the consequence of lead toxicological poisoning.