Abstract
Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to assess the effect of khat extract with different concentrations on the corrosion resistance of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) dental alloys used for removable denture. Material and Methods: The corrosion resistance of three Co-Cr alloys (Neobond II®, Kera 501® and PD Casta H®) was evaluated in artificial saliva in presence of three different concentrations of khat extracts. Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva was used as a reference solution. The corrosion properties of the alloys were analyzed using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and surface analysis. The data was presented in means, standard deviations, and related figures. Comparison between the different concentrations was done using 1-way ANOVA test. The surface analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: the results showed that the corrosion resistance of the three alloys tested (Neobond II®, Kera 501® and PD Casta H®) decreased in artificial saliva containing khat extract compared with that of the reference solution. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of the three Co-Cr dental alloys decreased by increasing the concentration of khat extract. Furthermore, the results indicate that Neobond II® alloy showed the least corrosion resistance compared with that of Kera 501® and PD Casta H® alloys. Conclusion: Khat extract with different concentrations had negative impact on the corrosion resistance of Cr-Co alloys. More in-vivo studies are highly recommended to confirm the results of the present study Keywords Khat; Catha edulis; Partial denture; Corrosion resistance.
Highlights
Khat (Catha edulis) is an evergreen shrub grown in South Arabia and some East African countries such as Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti and Kenya [1,2]
Polarization curves The polarization curves of the three alloys (Neobond II®, Kera 501® and PD Casta H®) in artificial saliva in the absence and presence of different concentrations of khat extracts are shown in Figure 1 (A-c)
Similar polarization curves were obtained for both Kera 501® and PD Casta H® alloys in Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva, and the polarization resistance values obtained for Kera 501® and PD Casta H® alloys were of the same order
Summary
Khat (Catha edulis) is an evergreen shrub grown in South Arabia (mainly Yemen and South Saudi Arabia) and some East African countries such as Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti and Kenya [1,2]. Millions of people in these countries as well as in Europe and North America chew khat on daily basis for its stimulating effects [13]. Khat chewing is practiced as a regular daily habit ( in Yemen and some East African countries) and forms a basis of social interaction [1,2,4]. Reported oral and dental effects of khat chewing include, periodontal diseases, dental attrition, mucosal white lesions, xerostomia, temporomandibular joint disorders, among others [6,7,8,9,10,11]. In addition to its effects on oral soft and hard tissues, Khat chewing has been reported to have negative effects on dental restorations and prostheses [12,13,14]. One study investigating the influence of khat extract on the corrosion of Nickel cobalt alloys found that khat extract accelerates the corrosion of Nickel cobalt alloys [13]
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