Abstract
The presence of salts in biological solution can affect the activity of the reactive species (RS) generated by plasma, and so they can also have an influence on the plasma-induced sterilization. In this work, we assess the influence that diethylammonium dihydrogen phosphate (DEAP), an ionic liquid (IL), and sodium chloride (NaCl), an ionic salt (IS), have on the structural changes in hemoglobin (Hb) in the presence of RS generated using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in the presence of various gases [O2, N2, Ar, He, NO (10%) + N2 and Air]. We carry out fluorescence spectroscopy to verify the generation of •OH with or without the presence of DEAP IL and IS, and we use electron spin resonance (ESR) to check the generation of H• and •OH. In addition, we verified the structural changes in the Hb structure after treatment with DBD in presence and absence of IL and IS. We then assessed the structural stability of the Hb in the presence of IL and IS by using molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. Our results indicate that the IL has a strong effect on the conservation of the Hb structure relative to that of IS against RS generated by plasma.
Highlights
High chemical/thermal stability, negligible vapor pressure, low toxicity, controllable hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity and conductivity[22,34,35,36]
We demonstrated that an ionic solution (IS) attenuates the toxicity of plasma on microorganisms during treatment[33]
This is probably due to the changes that Ionic salts (IS) has on the dynamics of the reactive species generated during plasma treatment
Summary
We demonstrated that an ionic solution (IS) attenuates the toxicity of plasma on microorganisms during treatment[33]. OH generation by DBD plasma in the presence of different feeding gases in water was monitored according to their reaction with the terephthalic acid (TA) anion to produce fluorescent hydroxy terephthalate (HTA) ions[44,45,46]. These terephthalate anions react with OH to create highly fluorescent hydroxyterephthalate ions (HTA)[44], and this reaction is a very sensitive measure of the presence of OH, so many other research and groups have used this method to determine the generation of OH during plasma treatment[44,45] We used this method in our study to show how the formation of OH was related to the gases used in the plasma chamber. Results for the molecular dynamics simulation. (a) RMSD plots of NaCl soaked Hb (b) RMSD plots of DEAP soaked Hb and (c) RMSF plots of DEAP and NaCl soaked Hb
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