Abstract
The mechanism of erosion of a riverbank is not easy to analyze and each sediment particle is under influence of number of forces. Among all these forces, force of cohesion between the particles plays a very dominant and significant role, and, till date, not much progress has been made to analyze this force in a deterministic manner. A particle is bound to its neighboring particles under this force of cohesion. In this paper, the analysis of forces acting on a particle on a riverbank has been made with a model called the Truncated Pyramid Model. A particle requires a certain velocity to escape from the riverbank and determination of the escape velocity can pave the way for finding out other parameters like entrainment rate, erosion coefficient and so on. Calculation and estimation of riverbank erosion rate is an important aspect of river basin management. In this paper it has been shown that the escape velocity is dependent on certain micro-level parameters like inter-particle distance and volume of the water bridge between two adjacent particles. Also, for saline water the particle requires less velocity to escape compared to the pure-water scenario. The findings of the present paper exactly fall in line with the results of another paper where the researchers showed that cohesive force between the particles decreases as water turns from pure to impure.
Highlights
Rivers and streams are products of their catchments
The Truncated Pyramid Model provides an accurate solution for determination of escape velocity of the particle as well as the other relevant parameters in different practical situations
The present analysis indicates that the force between the adjacent particles reduces significantly as the water entrapped between them turns from pure to saline
Summary
Rivers and streams are products of their catchments They are often termed as dynamic systems because they are in a constant state of change. The factors controlling river and stream formation are complex and interrelated These factors include the amount and rate of supply of water and sediment into stream systems, catchment geology, and the type and extent of vegetation in the catchment. As these factors change over time, river systems respond by altering their shape, form and/or location. Stream bank erosion is a natural process that over time has resulted in the formation of the productive floodplains and alluvial terraces. In the present work a model called the Truncated Pyramid Model [1] has been used to calculate the escape velocity of a particle on a riverbank and the phenomenon of the initiation of cohesive bank scour has been dealt with a deterministic approach
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