Influence of Initial Structural Dimensions of Plates on Welding Distortion

Abstract

Aiming at the complex full-field deformation problem that easily occurs when welding plates, this paper adopts the elastic–plastic finite element method with heat-force coupling to study the deformation law of plates in different initial states. First, a rectangular plate finite element model with an initial radius and Gaussian heat source model was established to obtain the welding temperature field and deformation field of the plate; then, the method based on digital image correlation technology was used to detect the full-field dynamic deformation of the plate to verify the accuracy of the finite element model; finally, the influence of the initial structural dimensions of the plate on the weld deformation was investigated. The study shows the following: the thermoelastic–plastic finite element model proposed in this paper has high accuracy in both static and dynamic deformation; plates with the same curvature, and different lengths and widths of the initial structure of the plate welding deformation are saddle-shaped, and the edge effect of the welding of the plate is evident, independent of the length of the plate; and the maximum out-of-face deformation of the welding of the plate is linearly related to the length and the closer the aspect ratio of the plate is to 1, the smaller the out-of-face deformation is.