Abstract
Diclofenac (DCLF) is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis and an established antipyretic and analgesic agent. It also has a nephrotoxic profile caused by generation of reactive oxygen species and enhanced apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The specific goals of this investigation were to determine
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by inability of pancreas to secrete significant amount of insulin to maintain physiological levels of blood glucose (Huma et al, 2011)
DCLF was administered ip or orally and normal saline was used as vehicle for its dissolution for injections whereas it was suspended in corn oil and sonified for oral administration
Diabetes mellitus represents a group of metabolic disorders in which there is impaired glucose utilization manifested by persistent hyperglycemia, a relative or absolute lack of insulin production by the pancreas, and development of microvascular pathology in the retina and glomeruli
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by inability of pancreas to secrete significant amount of insulin to maintain physiological levels of blood glucose (Huma et al, 2011). One possible explanation for this complication involves the hyperglycemia induced formation of advanced glycosylation end-products which generate reactive oxygen species, suggesting that hyperglycemia causes oxidative damage to cells through NF-κβ-dependent pathways (Mohamed et al, 1999). Streptozotocin (STZ) is a powerful inducer of diabetes in experimental animals by destroying pancreatic ß-cells. Diabetes mellitus could induce polymorphic alterations of metabolic activities of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases in induced diabetic animals. The diabetic condition is known to increase (Ray et al, 2001) or decrease (Rour et al, 1986) activities of several drug metabolizing enzymes. Increased toxicity in specific target organs is due to the inhibition of specific drug metabolizing enzymes, whereas decreased toxicity may be due to the polyuremia in the diabetics
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