Abstract
Nanofibers are well known as a beneficial type of structure for tissue engineering. As a result of the high acquisition cost of the natural polymers and their environmentally problematic treatment (toxic dissolution agents), artificial polymers seem to be the better choice for medical use. In the present study, polycaprolactone nano-sized fibrous structures were prepared by the electrospinning method. The impact of material morphology (random or parallelly oriented fibers versus continuous layer) and the presence of a fraction of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on cell proliferation was tested. In addition, the effect of improving the material wettability by a low temperature argon discharge plasma treatment was evaluated, too. We have shown that both hydroxyapatite particles as well as plasma surface treatment are beneficial for the cell proliferation. The significant impact of both influences was evident during the first 48 h of the test: the hydroxyapatite particles in polycaprolactone fibers accelerated the proliferation by 10% compared to the control, and the plasma-treated ones enhanced proliferation by 30%.
Highlights
Modern medicine still struggles with treating certain types of large-scale injuries such as bone defects caused by accidents, bone tumors, or vast skin burns
We have shown that both hydroxyapatite particles as well as plasma surface treatment are beneficial for the cell proliferation
The synthesized hydroxyapatite particles had a needle-like shape with a diameter of approximately
Summary
Modern medicine still struggles with treating certain types of large-scale injuries such as bone defects caused by accidents, bone tumors, or vast skin burns. Bio-inert materials are usually used for the treatment, typically titanium, zirconia, or alumina. The different mechanical properties of these materials (e.g., hardness, stiffness) induce changes of mechanical properties in the surrounding bone [1,2]. For these reasons, modern types of implants are searched for. An ideal implant material has similar mechanical properties as the natural tissue, provides mechanical support for the cells rebuilding the damaged tissue, induces the activity of the living cells, and the body is able to absorb it gradually during the remodeling process
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