Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this systematic review was to identify, evaluate, and provide a current literature about the influence of heritability on the determination of occlusal traits.Materials and methodsMEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, LILACS, and Google Scholar were searched without restrictions up to March 2020. Studies with twin method were considered and the risk of bias assessment was performed using quality of genetic association studies checklist (Q-Genie). The coefficient of heritability (h2), model-fitting approaches, and coefficient correlation were used to estimate the genetic/environmental influence on occlusal traits. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence.ResultsTen studies met the eligibility criteria. Three studies presented good quality, five moderate quality, and two poor quality. Most studies have found that the intra-arch traits, mainly the maxillary arch morphology, such as width (h2 16–100%), length (h2 42–100%), and shape (h2 42–90%), and the crowding, mainly for mandibular arch (h2 35–81%), are under potential heritability influence. The traits concerning the inter-arch relationship, as overjet, overbite, posterior crossbite, and sagittal molar relation, seem not to be genetically determined. The certainty of the evidence was graded as low for all outcomes.ConclusionsAlthough weak, the available evidence show that the heritability factors are determinant for the intra-arch traits, namely, arch morphology and crowding. Possibly due they are functionally related, the occlusal traits concerning the maxillary and mandibular relationship seem to have environmental factors as determinants. In this scenario, early preventive approaches can offer a more effective and efficient orthodontic treatment.
Highlights
Heritability is commonly defined as the total of phenotypic differences explained by genetic influence [1]
Conclusions: weak, the available evidence show that the heritability factors are determinant for the intraarch traits, namely, arch morphology and crowding
A proper knowledge of the influence of heritability and the environmental factors on occlusal traits might increase our understanding of the etiology of malocclusions and of the limitations of orthodontic treatment
Summary
Heritability is commonly defined as the total of phenotypic differences explained by genetic influence [1]. The genetic basis of dentoalveolar development has attracted considerable interest in orthodontics and In this context, studies with a twin model, when appropriately applied, is one of the most effective. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review has been carried out on this topic, and there is still considerable debate due to the lack of conclusive evidence. Based on these concepts, the aim of this systematic review was to identify the genetic influence in the establishment of malocclusions considering studies in identical and fraternal twin individuals. The aim of this systematic review was to identify, evaluate, and provide a current literature about the influence of heritability on the determination of occlusal traits
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