Influence of Grain Size and Age-Hardening on Dislocation Pile-Ups and Tensile Fracture for a Ti-AI Alloy

Abstract

In an aged Ti-8.6 wt pct Al alloy macroscopic embrittlement occurs with increasing grain size and degree of age hardening. The influence of the grain sizeL on the true fracture strain can be described by eF ∼L-1 Tensile crack nucleation is caused microscopically by strong dislocation pile-ups which crack the grain boundaries. Using transmission electron microscopy and equations from the dislocation theory, an experimental method was developed to determine quantitatively the shear stress concentrations at the grain boundaries which are produced by the dislocation pile-ups and cause crack nucleation. The experimental results show that for all investigated grain sizes and degrees of age hardening a critical local stress t* C ≈ 38 GPa leads to crack nucleation. Based on this result equations were derived which describe the combined influence of grain size and age hardening on the true fracture strain and on the true fracture stress. These equations show a good agreement with the tensile test results.