Influence of glucose homeostasis on maturation and ontogenesis of fetus

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to examine the incidence and the rate of cardio respiratory disorders in mothers of newborns with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy as well as their influence on the perinatal outcome. A prospective and random study included 102 newborns, 31 newborns of mothers with glucose homeostasis disorder (group I) and 71 newborns of healthy mothers (group II). The average age, body height, body weight, body mass index, parity and illness duration of the pregnant women were recorded as well as the delivery method Every newborn underwent physical examination in order to determine the Apgar score, body weight and length. Electrocardiogram, brain ultrasound and the basic hematology biochemical and microbiological analysis were done as well. The average weight and obesity incidence were higher in diabetic women than in the control group and their newborns were heavier and of lower gestational age. Heart failures were diagnosed in 5 (1612%) newborns of diabetic mothers and in 1 (1.4%) of a healthy pregnant woman (p<0.01). Respiratory disorders were diagnosed in 48.4% of newborns of diabetic mothers and 12.64% of healthy mothers (p<0.01). Additional oxygen was needed by 42% of newborns of diabetic mothers and 19.7% of newborns of healthy mothers. Congenital anomalies of cardiovascular system and respiratory disorders were 6-8 times more frequent in newborns of diabetic mothers than in newborns of healthy mothers.