Abstract
The basic concept of seismic building design is to ensure the ductility and sufficient energy dissipation of the entire system. The combination of wood and bearing glass represents a design in which each material transmits the load, and with the mutual and simultaneous interaction of the constituent elements, it is also earthquake resistant. Such a system has been developed so that the glass directly relies on the wooden frame, which allows the load to be transferred by contact and the friction force between the two of materials. Within the seismic load, friction between glass and wood is an important factor that affects both the behavior and performance of a wood–glass composite system. The set-up system consists of a single specimen of laminated or insulating glass embedded between two CLT elements. The friction force was determined at the CLT–glass contact surface for a certain lateral pressure, i.e., normal force. Friction depends on the way the elements (especially glass) are processed, as well as on the lateral load introduced into the system. Conducted experimental research was accompanied by numerical analyses. Experimental research was confirmed by numerical simulations.
Highlights
In the current situation of increasingly acknowledging climate change as a threat to our environment and human society, binding agreements have been made during the COP26, taking place in Glasgow in 2021
In order to compare and evaluate the results of the FEM analysis, the frictional stresses occurring at the contact surfaces were calculated manually, based on the frictional force obtained from the conducted laboratory test
The friction force Ft is expressed as half the force F required for moving the glass element, as the frictional force occurs on the two surfaces where the glass and the timber connect
Summary
In the current situation of increasingly acknowledging climate change as a threat to our environment and human society, binding agreements have been made during the COP26, taking place in Glasgow in 2021. The building sector has a huge impact and must provide answers on how to tackle climate change, develop a circular economy, and provide a sustainable environment. The building sector should base future technologies on environmentally friendly materials and construction processes. Timber is the leading biobased material and, through newly designed engineered wood-based materials, the material of the future. Rajčić et al concluded that loadbearing glass combined with a timber frame represents a load-bearing composite element, which has very good potential for excellent behavior under normal and seismic loads; it is cost-effective, energy-efficient, and aesthetically acceptable [1,2,3]. There is a national guideline for the design of glass elements [4]. The purpose of these instructions is to seek to provide an overview that is as complete as possible for the various aspects that must be considered in the design, construction, and control of glass elements with regard
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