Abstract
Abstract : The much ignored problem of turbulence in hypersonic ground test facilities is discussed with particular emphasis on arc-heated facilities. Sources of free-stream turbulence and their effects on model aerodynamics are identified. An analytical treatment of stagnation zone heating accounting for free-stream vorticity amplification and viscous dissipation is presented. Results are discussed in relation to three experiments: one involving time resolved measurements in an arc-heated wind tunnel, another involves stagnation point heat transfer measurements in the turbulent boundary layer of a hypersonic shock tunnel, and the third deals with similar measurements in a turbulent subsonic nitrogen plasma jet. In both of the latter experiments, stagnation point heating rates exceeding two to three times the calculated laminar expectation are reported. These results are corroborated by the present analysis.
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