Influence of formulation parameters on the physicochemical properties of meloxicam-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles

Abstract

Objective The aim of this research was to investigate novel particulate carrier systems such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for topical delivery of a lipophilic drug, meloxicam (MLX). Methods MLX-loaded SLNs were prepared using a modified high-shear homogenization and ultrasonication technique using different types of lipids and surfactants. Lipid nanoparticles were characterized in terms of entrapment efficiency, particle size, Zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, and in-vitro release studies. Results The lipid nanoparticles showed mean diameters of 210–730 nm, whereas the entrapment efficiency ranged from 50 to 84% depending on emulsifier and lipid concentration or type. MLX-loaded SLNs showed spherical particles with Zeta potentials varying from −15.7 to −30.5 mV. A differential scanning calorimetry study revealed that MLX encapsulated in SLNs was in the amorphous form. All nanoparticle formulations exhibited sustained release characteristics, and the release pattern followed the Higuchi’s equation. The analysis of results revealed that the type and concentration of the emulsifier or lipid used had a significant effect on the physicochemical properties on the investigated SLNs formulations. Conclusion The present study indicates that SLNs could potentially be exploited as carrier systems for MLX, with improved drug loading capacity and controlled drug release.