Influence of fish size on proliferation and differentiation of cultured myosatellite cells of white axial muscle of carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.)

Abstract

Abstract The in vitro proliferation [uptake of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU)] and the degree of differentiation (presence of desmin) of myosatellite cells isolated from white axial muscle of carp between 3 cm and 27 cm standard length (SL) were examined 17 h after isolation. The fraction of the myosatellite cells that were both desmin positive and BrdU positive never exceeded 2% of the total number of isolated myosatellite cells, irrespective of the standard length of the donor(s). This indicates that, for carp, the temporal relationship between replication and desmin expression of myosatellite cells is different from that described for myogenic cells of mammals and birds. The percentage of BrdU positive myosatellite cells was significantly correlated with standard length: it increased from 10% for carp of about 5 cm SL to 40–50% for carp between 20 cm and 27 cm SL. The percentage of desmin positive myosatellite cells was about 50–60%; it was not significantly correlated with standard length. The percentage of myosatellite cells that were both BrdU negative and desmin negative showed a stepwise difference in this percentage with increasing length. Fish smaller than 10 cm SL, had more of these cells (10–40%), than larger fish (which had 0–12%). So, apparently the composition of the myosatellite cell population changes during growth. The low percentage of proliferating cells, and the relatively high percentage of differentiated (desmin positive) myosatellite cells obtained from 3–6 cm large carp, suggests that, in these small fish, muscle growth strongly depends on the use of a pool of myogenic cells that has been formed at an earlier stage of their development.