Abstract
Among the approaches to evaluate genotoxicity of aquatic environments, fish are being used as biomonitors due to their sensitivity to any changes in the environment, characterizing it as sentinel organisms for the biomonitoring of rivers and lakes. Biomarkers that reflect damage to genetic material of fish are detected by the Comet Assay (EC) and through analysis of Micronucleus (MN) produced by different chemical agents and/or stressor factors due to capture, handling and keeping. Cast net and electric fishing were used for capture in this study, aiming to evaluate the influence of these methods on the analyzed biomarkers in different tissues, such as blood, gills and liver. Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae) individuals were captured in Quadros lagoon – RS, Brazil, site considered free on industrial contamination, showing a good physico-chemical quality. Results of MN test, which reflect clastogenic and aneugenic effects, presented no significant difference between the catch methods used, possibly because there was not enough time for cell division that is necessary for micronucleus forming. EC, which detects direct DNA brakeage, showed significant differences in Damage Index (ID) and Damage Percentage (%D) between capture methods in all tissues examined (p ≤ 0.001), indicating an effect of electricity on organisms collected.
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