Abstract
ABSTRACT Despite extensive research on Fe-based materials for soil cadmium(Cd) passivation, the combined effects with Ca agents on rice Cd migration remain unclear. This study examined the effects of NZVI, FeSO4 and their mixtures with CaCO3 on iron plaque formation and Cd translocation in rice plants grown in Cd-contaminated paddy soils. Results showed both NZVI and FeSO4 significantly increased rice biomass. FeSO4, NZVI, FeSO4+CaCO3, and NZVI+CaCO3 enhanced iron plaque by 65%, 72%, 77%, and 20%, respectively. Cd adsorption by iron plaque increased by 88% with FeSO4, 39% with NZVI, 49% with FeSO4+CaCO3, and decreased by 44% with NZVI+CaCO3. All treatments reduced Cd content in rice tissues, with brown rice Cd concentrations reduced by 66% with FeSO4, 58% with FeSO4+CaCO3, 45% with NZVI, and 39% with NZVI+CaCO3, respectively. This study highlights Fe-based amendments’ potential in safely utilizing Cd-contaminated farmlands, showing standalone Fe treatments outperform Fe-Ca combination for reducing Cd in brown rice.
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