INFLUENCE OF FARMING SYSTEM, NITROGEN RATES AND METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON NAKED OAT IN LATVIA

Sanita Zute,Ylle Tamm,Linda Brunava,Inga Jansone

doi:10.17707/agricultforest.61.1.02

Abstract

Research and development related to the naked oat is now becoming more wide-spread as the opportunity for its different uses is understood also in Latvia. It has been recognized as a more valuable product in the food industry because both the interest of consumers in their health and the promotion of food products are increasing. Naked oat kernels contain high levels of β-glucans and unsaturated fatty acids. The aim of the study was to evaluate the yield and oat grain quality of naked oat breeding lines from Latvian oat breeding program. The following parameters were assessed grain yield, 1000 grain weight, test weight, crude protein fat and β-glucan. The research assessed the variability of these parameters in organic and conventional farming system (at three different mineral fertilizer rates: N80, N120, N160). The field experiments were carried out at the State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute during three years (20112013). Results showed that the higher N fertilizer rate positively affects the amount of the crude protein and β-glucan in naked oat grains. The farming system (η 2 =42.9 %) and testing year/meteorological condition of years (η 2 =35.9 %) had a greater impact on naked oat yield. Comparing only N80, N120 and N160 variants in conventional system it was observed that during the three year period the meteorological conditions had the greatest impact on the yield of naked oat (η 2 =86.6 %). Naked oat line ‘S-156’ gave the highest grain yield in conventional and organic farming systems and formed significantly higher crude protein, fat and β-glucan amounts in the grain.

Highlights

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is an important contributor to food production and the economy in Europe
ANOVA analysis of variance showed that the factors that had the highest impact on the yield of naked oats during the three year period, were meteorological conditions during the experiment year (η2A=42.9%) and the choice of growing system (η2B=35.9%; η2AB=15.4%) (Table 2)
During the three year period the average productivity of each N rate shows that the highest yield of both Naked oat (N/O) breeding lines was at the rate N120, ‘S-156’ – 4.26 ± 0.127 t ha-1 and ‘S-33793’ – 3.84 ± 0.168 t ha-1 respectively (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is an important contributor to food production and the economy in Europe. Naked oat (N/O) research and development is becoming more wide-spread and naked oat as a product has various end uses in Latvia. Around the world N/O is most often used for fodder, its chemical content and nutritional value have stirred interest about the use of N/O in the food products as well (Tawari, 2012; Behall, 2011; Redaelli et al.,2009 ). Paper presented at the 5th International Scientific Agricultural Symposium "AGROSYM 2014". Notes: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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