Abstract
In recent years, the number of studies conducted on the influence of family variables oncyberbullying perpetration and victimization has increased, especially in terms of relational familyprocesses. The present review investigates the role played by family variables on cyberbullyingperpetration and victimization. A systematic literature review was conducted in five databases(ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, ERIC, and Web of Science) from October 2016 to October 2018.During this brief period of time, the number of publications on family variables and cyberbullying,both perpetration and victimization, has significantly increased. We eventually reviewed 34 studieswhich rigorously met the selection criteria of our research. For the analysis of the results, wedistinguish between two types of variables according to the following possibilities of pedagogicalintervention: Structural (contextual family variables and individual parental processes), anddynamic (relational family processes). Our review found evidence that there is more controversyaround structural variables than around dynamic variables. The most consistent variables are familycommunication and the quality of the family relationship. However, there is a perceived need forclarifying the influence that different structural variables, parental educational styles, and parentalmediation exert on the prevention and consolidation of cyberbullying perpetration andcybervictimization.
Highlights
Cyberbullying is an important phenomenon that may seriously affect anyone
The main objective of our study is to carry out a systematic review of the literature, focusing on the role played by family variables in cyberbullying, both in terms of perpetration and victimization
We identified the family variables that had been studied in each research study, the type of sample, the type of behavior related to the phenomenon, as well as the main findings regarding the family variables studied
Summary
Cyberbullying is an important phenomenon that may seriously affect anyone. a universal definition has not been agreed upon, a widely accepted one is proposed bySmith et al (2008, p. 376), “an aggressive, intentional act carried out by a group or individual, using electronic forms of contact, repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot defend him or herself”. 376), “an aggressive, intentional act carried out by a group or individual, using electronic forms of contact, repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot defend him or herself”. It is a complex phenomenon involving very different variables and factors. It was found that parental monitoring, supervision, family conflict, family abuse, and family support are variables closely related to bullying. Nocentini et al (2018) have conducted a systematic review of 154 articles published between 1970 and 2017 on the role played by contextual family processes, relational processes, and individual parental processes in bullying. This research shows the clear impact that family variables play in bullying, especially the contextual family variables and relational family variables and, to a lesser extent, the
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