Influence of factors of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in somatic pathologies on the success of dental implantation (literature review)

Abstract

In the presented literature review, the issue of the influence of general somatic factors associated with diseases of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems on the success of dental implantation was studied. The issues of the relationship of systemic inflammatory processes and periodontal status with the dental health of patients with background pathologies associated with an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, insulin and glucose in the blood in diabetes mellitus and obesity, factors of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis, hypertension and coronary heart disease are highlighted. Based on the analyzed information, it was confirmed that poor-quality history taking, the lack of a thorough diagnostic examination (biochemical blood test, coagulogram, reaction to the presence of specific infections and viral diseases), ignoring the need to correct existing local and systemic inflammatory phenomena before dental implantation can lead to a violation the process of osseointegration, the occurrence of peri-implantitis, implant rejection reactions. In this regard, it can be concluded that when planning complex dental treatment, attention should be paid not only to local dental symptoms, but also to the general history and laboratory data, which will improve the quality of dental implantation.