Abstract
Tyre-to-road adhesion plays an important role when taking into account transmission of forces between tyres and road surface. It consequently influences vehicle safety. Moreover, it plays a significant role for modelling vehicle motion, which is often applied in the development of automotive active safety systems and in traffic accidents reconstruction. Furthermore, tyre-to-road adhesion properties are dependent on many factors. One of the factors is the type of tyre – summer or winter. This is the reason why it is justified to study the anti-slip properties of summer and winter tyres. This paper shows the method of measuring tyre-to-road adhesion coefficient. It is based on a skid resistance tester SRT-4 that consists of a special dynamometer trailer, towing vehicle and test-measuring equipment. It was designed to be applied in civil/road engineering and further developed. As a result, the SRT-4 system automatically obtains adhesion characteristics, such as the graph of tyre-to-road adhesion coefficient as a function of wheel slip ratio and velocity characteristics of peak adhesion coefficient. Results of the study present the above mentioned characteristics for different types of tyres (summer, winter) in different exploitation conditions. Differences between presented characteristics caused by tyre type and conditions of exploitation are shown. For example, for winter tyres we noticed that the peak value of adhesion coefficient was attained for higher values of slip ratio as compared with summer tyres.
Highlights
Investigation of anti-slip properties of tyres is a very important issue, because the adhesion between tyre and road surface has an impact on the active safety of an automobile as presented by Hac and Bodie (2002), Başlamışlı (2014), Will and Zak (2000), Nam et al (2015), Li et al (2012)
Based on thorough investigation of the tyre-to-road adhesion, including different types of tyres, we presented the results of the adhesion measurement results
This study gives a valuable information for automotive experts how tyre-to-road adhesion properties vary according to weather conditions and a type of a tyre: 1. The innovative measuring system used in the presented research is able to determine the adhesion characteristics m(s) on the basis of single braking test of the measurement wheel
Summary
Investigation of anti-slip properties of tyres is a very important issue, because the adhesion between tyre and road surface has an impact on the active safety of an automobile as presented by Hac and Bodie (2002), Başlamışlı (2014), Will and Zak (2000), Nam et al (2015), Li et al (2012). An interesting method of investigating safety of a vehicle in curvilinear motion is described by Parczewski and Wnęk (2015), where a physical model scaled 1:5 equipped with all necessary sensors is presented The advantage of this method, contrary to a full-size vehicle, is that it does not require a lot of space to perform road tests. Zhao et al (2016) describes an approach based on road tests of an automobile for different driving conditions This way of obtaining adhesion coefficient between tyre and road is rather an estimation and the method is indirect. It is much more complicated to perform measurements of longitudinal tangential forces on the patch between tyre and road
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