Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) and polyamines (PAs) are widely used to overcome abiotic stresses including salinity stress (NaCl) in plants. In the present investigation, we evaluated the co-application efficacy of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR, a highly active BR) and putrescine (Put, a PA) on the NaCl stress (75 mM and 150 mM) tolerance of Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv. kuber geeta plants. A small rise in protein content was recorded under salinity stress in comparison with untreated control. The NaCl stress was found to significantly enhance the activities of guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); while decline in catalase (CAT) activity was recorded when compared with the untreated control. Salinity stress both at 75 mM and 150 mM was able to cause significant membrane damage as evidenced by an increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) content over untreated control. The EBR and Put co-applications were able to improve protein content in NaCl stressed plants over only NaCl stressed plants. The co-applications of EBR and Put were able to significantly enhance the activities of CAT, SOD and GPOX in L. esculentum under salinity stress (75 mM and 150 mM) when compared with NaCl stressed plants alone. Major decline in the MDA level recorded for EBR and Put co-applications under NaCl stress revealed reduced membrane damages when compared with NaCl stressed plants alone. Our findings provide evidence that EBR and Put co-applications are effective in amelioration of NaCl stress in L. esculentum. Thus co-application potential of EBR and Put may acts an eco-friendly approach towards NaCl stress mitigation in economically important crops.
Highlights
Salinity stress is one of the major agricultural constraint limiting plant growth and development over the world [1]
The NaCl stress was found to significantly enhance the activities of guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); while decline in catalase (CAT) activity was recorded when compared with the untreated control
Our findings provide evidence that EBR and Put co-applications are effective in amelioration of NaCl stress in L. esculentum
Summary
Salinity stress is one of the major agricultural constraint limiting plant growth and development over the world [1]. 10% of the total land surface is salt affected and about 10 million hectare of agricultural land is lost annually due to salinisation and water logging [2]. The process of salinisation is both natural and man made, with former caused by elevation of capillary water level and subsequent evaporation of saline ground water leaving behind the salts on the soil surface. High concentration of NaCl in saline soil subsequently sets up a severe competition between Na+ and K+ ions which in turn disturbs the common transport system of plant roots [5]. Excess of salts mainly affects through ion imbalance and imposition of hyperosmotic stress in plant systems that leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [6].
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