Abstract
The Region of East Nusa Tenggara province which is geographically situated around Equator is an area immediately adjacent to place where the growth of tropical cyclones. This research to determine the variability of tropical cyclones that have happened, how the influence of ENSO on the variability of tropical cyclones, and how the impact of tropical cyclones on rainfall in East Nusa Tenggara. In this study, the rainfall data used is represented by 8 stations observations in the region of NTT, namely Kupang, Rote, Sabu, Waingapu, Ruteng, Maumere, Larantuka, and Alor, with period of 19 years ie the assessment year 1996-2014. The data was obtained from Era Interim ECMWF. Tropical cyclone data was obtained from JTWC-Japan and TCWC-Australia, covering a maximum sustained wind data, position, and lifetime cyclone. Rainfall data obtained from Climatological Station of Lasiana-Kupang. Results of the analysis showed that during the study period the total incidence of tropical cyclones in the south of East Nusa Tenggara many as 113 cases, with an average of 6 events cyclones per year and were distributed mainly in the winter between November and April. The results also show that ENSO influence on tropical cyclone variability indirectly to the parameter of tropical cyclones.
Highlights
The mass of warm and humid air in the tropics is very easy to become labile resulting in the condensation process releasing latent heat energy excessively
Even though it does not cross the Indonesian mainland, the influence of tropical cyclones that occur in the Indian Ocean remains felt in the weather on islands in Indonesia (Tjasyono, 1994 in (Dey, 2014)This is caused by a low-pressure weather system with a diameter of 500-800 km that is owned by tropical cyclones (Holland, 1997)
Tropical cyclone activity in these three basins will influence each other because of the tendency of cyclone activities that correlate between basins (Frank & Young, 2007) so that the global weather phenomenon that occurs in these two basins will affect tropical cyclone variability in the waters of southern Indonesia
Summary
The mass of warm and humid air in the tropics is very easy to become labile resulting in the condensation process releasing latent heat energy excessively This energy is used as the main energy source in the formation of thunderstorms and other tropical disturbances, namely tropical cyclones (McGregor and Nieuwolt, 1998 - in (Larasati, 2013)). Tropical cyclone activity in these three basins will influence each other because of the tendency of cyclone activities that correlate between basins (Frank & Young, 2007) so that the global weather phenomenon that occurs in these two basins will affect tropical cyclone variability in the waters of southern Indonesia. |. identify the contribution of cyclone-affected rainfall to the average monthly rainfall in NTT, knowing the effect of ENSO on tropical cyclone variability in the waters south of NTT using marine and atmospheric parameters. The benefits of the research studied are: making a general weather analysis or description of the existence of tropical cyclones which are very dangerous for the people in Indonesia, especially in the waters south of NTT, roviding extreme weather information to the public, and government agencies regarding the influence of tropical cyclones in the Southern Waters of NTT, poviding an understanding of the theory / concept to the people around the NTT region about tropical cyclones that occur in the waters south of NTT
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