Abstract
Submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging is a troublesome phenomenon in the continuous casting process that can induce the asymmetric mold flow, and thus, lowering the steel product quality. In this paper, a mathematical model coupling the electromagnetic and flow fields, was developed to investigate the influence of the SEN clogging rate on the flow field and the influence of electromagnetic stirring (EMS) on the asymmetric mold flow. Slag entrapment index Rc was introduced to quantify the possibility of slag entrapment, and symmetric index S was introduced to quantify the symmetry of the flow field. The results show that as the SEN clogging rate increased, the slag entrapment index Rc increased, while the symmetric index S decreased. EMS can greatly improve the symmetry of the flow field with SEN clogging, but it cannot remove the asymmetric phenomenon completely because the stirring intensity should be controlled below the safe level to avoid slag entrapment.
Highlights
In the continuous casting process, submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging is a severe problem [1,2]because SEN clogging can induce asymmetric flow in the mold, resulting in several undesirable consequences, such as reduced productivity, increased casting costs, and degradation of the quality of the steel product [3]
By clogging one of the SEN ports, Cho et al [15] applied the computational and experimental approaches with a one-third scale water model to investigate the effect of the nozzle clogging rate on the surface flow and vortex formation in a continuous casting mold
The electromagnetic flux density with an electromagnetic stirring (EMS) current of 600 A and a frequency of 3 Hz was measured in an empty mold
Summary
In the continuous casting process, submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging is a severe problem [1,2]. Because SEN clogging can induce asymmetric flow in the mold, resulting in several undesirable consequences, such as reduced productivity, increased casting costs, and degradation of the quality of the steel product [3]. Many fluid dynamical investigations regarding SEN clogging have been performed. By clogging one of the SEN ports, Cho et al [15] applied the computational and experimental approaches with a one-third scale water model to investigate the effect of the nozzle clogging rate on the surface flow and vortex formation in a continuous casting mold. Srinivas et al [16] used a water model to study the vortex characteristics induced by the nozzle clogging rate in a slab mold. Research of the quantitative relationship between the clogging rate and the mold flow is still lacking
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