Abstract
This research aims to investigate the influence of elicitation and drying methods (natural, convection, microwave, and freeze-drying), with jasmonic acid (JA) and yeast extract (YE) on the biological activity of extracts and hydrolysates from lovage (Levisticum officinale Koch) leaves. The results indicate that the highest TPC was determined for hydrolysates obtained from JA-elicited microwave-dried lovage (24.96 mg/gDW). The highest ACE and lipase inhibitory activity was noted for PBS extract obtained from JA-elicited lovage after microwave drying (EC50 = 0.16 and 0.12 mg/mL, respectively). Ethanolic extract from JA-elicited lovage after freeze-drying was characterized by the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity (EC50 = 3.92 mg/mL) and the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (EC50 = 1.43 mg/mL) was noted for hydrolysates from control plants subjected to freeze-drying. The highest antimicrobial activity towards C. albicans yeasts was observed for microwave ethanolic extracts with minimal inhibition (MIC) and lethal (MLC) concentrations of 0.625 and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively.
Highlights
Nowadays, consumers pay attention to food that is rich in health-improving nutrients and bioactive ingredients
The highest phenolic content in the ethanolic extract was noted in samples elicited with jasmonic acid after freezedrying (18.48 mg/gDW)
The data indicated that the elicitation of the plants with 10 μM jasmonic acid had the greatest influence on the phenolic content determined in different samples of lovage leaves
Summary
Consumers pay attention to food that is rich in health-improving nutrients and bioactive ingredients. Herbs that have been used in medicine and therapy for a long time are one of the most common groups of food ingredients They are responsible for the taste and aroma of dishes and may improve the composition of food and often the bioavailability, in addition to the bioactivity of essential and active ingredients [1]. Lovage (Levisticum offcinale L.) is an aromatic perennial herbaceous plant from the Apiaceae family known for centuries as an agent used in the treatment of many diseases due to its diuretic, carminative, and spasmolytic activity It originates from West Asia and grows in North America and many European countries [2]. Lovage is a source of many bioactive compounds, mainly essential oils, coumarins, alkaloids, polyacetylenes, and polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, stilbenes, curcuminoids, tannins, quinones, and many others).
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