Influence of Electrolyte Additives on Lithium Titanate-Based Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

The development of energy storages has been elevated to support the demands in many electronic-related applications for the present and future. Batteries and supercapacitors are the significant energy storage devices that are well-known due to their characteristic properties such as their remarkable high energy densities and power densities, respectively. According to the batteries, there are many researches on the enhancement of the electrochemical performances of the devices by using several solutions such as focusing on electrode materials. Thus, the lithium titanate (LTO) was introduced in this work. The LTO has been used as the anode material for decades due to their structures providing high Li intercalation potential and negligible volume change during lithium insertion/extraction, thermal stability and cost-effective. Nevertheless, LTO still suffers from low electronic conductivity, lithium-ion diffusion coefficient, and rate capability. One of the solutions to enhance the performance of the LTO electrode in the system is by adding electrolyte additives which can be found in recent researches. Therefore, the influences of various additives in the conventional electrolyte system such as fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), methylene methanedisulfonate (MMDS), glutaric anhydride (GA), and p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate (PTSI) were investigated and studied in half-cell using LTO electrodes in this work.