Influence of electrical stimulation frequency on skeletal muscle force and fatigue

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the impact of electrical stimulation frequency on muscle force and fatigue and propose application modalities in regards to sports or clinical rehabilitation training. Methods The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force of the quadriceps femoris muscle was recorded before, during and after electrical stimulation in 26 healthy adults during 20-minute sessions corresponding to 60 of 5-second contractions separated by 15-second rest periods. Three different frequencies were used: 100, 50 and 20 Hz. Results With a frequency of 100 Hz, we obtained 71% of the MVC force at the beginning of the session (MVCb). The decrease in muscle force at the end of the session is significantly greater for the highest frequencies respectively 27, 33 and 38% of MVCb for 100, 50 and 20 Hz. Conclusion The impact of electrical stimulation to improve muscle force seems to be dependent on frequency, intensity pulse trains and number of contractions per session. Higher intensity and higher frequency induce stronger muscular contractions, but also a stronger decline in force and thus quick-setting muscle fatigue. Classical 20-minute training sessions with many contractions (60 or more) do not seem appropriate for sports training or clinical rehabilitation programs.