Abstract
This work is aimed to study the mechanical and physical properties of composite friction materials (CFMs) produced by using various fiber types (glass, carbon, and basalt) filled and unfilled Organic Juniperus Drupacea Cone Powder (JDCP). The CFMs were tested by using a pin-on-disc tribo-test-rig under dry contact conditions. The JDCP gradually reduced the density of CFMs. The surface hardness of the CFMs exhibited a decreasing trend with the addition of JDCP filler. The presence of JDCP within the CFMs considerably increased the water and oil absorption. The results showed that the JDCP filled and unfilled basalt fiber reinforced CFMs had higher friction coefficients than JDCP filled and unfilled glass and carbon fiber reinforced CFMs. In addition, the friction coefficient of filled and unfilled carbon fiber reinforced CFMs was found to be the lowest. The tensile strengths obtained from the indirect tensile (Brazilian) test of basalt, glass, and carbon fiber reinforced test CFMs increased with JDCP filler. In addition, the tensile strength of JDCP filled and unfilled carbon fiber reinforced FCMs proved to have better wear resistance than other all CFMs. The wear resistance of basalt, glass, and carbon fiber reinforced CFCMs decreased with the increase of JDCP wt. % filler. Among JDCP filled and unfilled all CFMs, the highest wear resistance was detected in carbon fiber reinforced CFM. The minor wear resistance was seen in glass fiber reinforced CFMs than carbon and basalt reinforced samples.
Highlights
Typical composite friction material (CFM) is produced by curing a polymeric binder, organic and/or inorganic components under heat and pressure[1,2,3]
The friction coefficients of the CFMs obtained with the addition of Juniperus Drupacea Cone Powder (JDCP) increased slightly with the addition of JDCP
The friction coefficient of CFMs used in basalt fiber is higher than that of carbon and glass fiber
Summary
Typical composite friction material (CFM) is produced by curing a polymeric binder, organic and/or inorganic components under heat and pressure[1,2,3]. As well as organic and inorganic fillers, the CFMs can be added with reinforcing materials such as basalt, carbon, glass fiber [2, 6, 7]. The CFMs may be divided into three materials groups: reinforcement, binder, and filler[10,11,12]. Some studies accept friction adjusters, colourants, abrasives, lubricants, cleaners, and metallic fillers in material groups [13, 14]. Barite was used as filler material, phenolic resin as the binder material, different fiber types as reinforcement material, cashew as friction adjuster, graphite and coke as a solid lubricant. Seashells [15], palm kernel shell [16], ulexite [17, 18] and pinus brutia [18] cone powder, ground cow bone, larch cones and cashew powder [19], periwinkle shell [20], rubber [13], banana peels [21], larch, red pine, scotch pine, pine and cones of cedar trees [22], red pine cones [23], cashew powder [24,25,26] mussel, bone, animal hoof and animal horn powders [27], cashew nut shell liquid, flaxseed oil and palm kernel fibers [28] are organic fillers investigated for friction material
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