Abstract
This paper refers to the structural and magnetic properties of [(Fe80Nb6B14)0.88Dy0.12]1−xZrx (x = 0; 0.01; 0.02; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.5) alloys obtained by the vacuum mold suction casting method. The analysis of the phase contribution indicated a change in the compositions of the alloys. For x < 0.05, occurrence of the dominant Dy2Fe14B phase was observed, while a further increase in the Zr content led to the increasing contribution of the Fe–Zr compounds and, simultaneously, separation of crystalline Dy. The dilution of (Fe80Nb6B14)0.88Dy0.12 in Zr strongly influenced the magnetization processes of the examined alloys. Generally, with the increasing x parameter, we observed a decrease in coercivity; however, the unexpected increase in magnetic saturation and remanence for x = 0.2 and x = 0.3 was shown and discussed.
Highlights
Searching for new magnetic materials is still of great importance, considering the continuing demand for their unique characteristics, which are required for a variety of applications [1,2,3,4,5]
Regarding the aim of this work, we focused on the phases that revealed magnetic properties
The Zr addition strongly affected the phase structure in the way that the formation of Fe–Zr compounds was preferred, and for x ≥ 0.05, the hard magnetic Dy2Fe14B compound disappeared. This hard magnetic phase was replaced by Fe2Zr and even Zr3Fe for the alloy with x = 0.5
Summary
Searching for new magnetic materials is still of great importance, considering the continuing demand for their unique characteristics, which are required for a variety of applications [1,2,3,4,5]. The main problem, as well as research direction, is to fill the gap between classical (e.g., ALNICO alloys [6,7]) and rare earth (RE) permanent magnets (e.g., Nd–Fe–B types of alloys [8,9,10]) by new magnetic systems without or with reduced RE content [11,12] It seems that one possible way is to utilize magnetic composites containing magnetically hard (HM) and soft (SM) phases that can benefit from the high coercivity of the HM phase and high saturation of the SM phase [13,14,15,16]. This suggested that further studies on other alloying additions for the RE–Fe–Nb–B type of alloys can broaden knowledge about their impacts on phase composition as well as microstructure, both useful in assisting in the design of new hard magnetic materials
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