Influence of Dissolved Organic Matter Sources on In-Stream Net Dissolved Organic Carbon Uptake in a Mediterranean Stream

Anna Lupon,Eugènia Martí,Núria Catalán,Susana Bernal

doi:10.3390/w12061722

Abstract

Studies exploring how different sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) influence in-stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) uptake at the ecosystem scale are scarce in the literature. To fill this knowledge gap, we examined the relationship between DOM sources and in-stream net DOC uptake (UDOC) in a sub-humid Mediterranean stream. We considered four reach-scale scenarios occurring under natural conditions that differed in predominant DOM sources (groundwater, leaf litter, and/or upstream water). Results showed that groundwater inputs favored in-stream net DOC uptake, while leaf litter inputs promoted in-stream net DOC release. However, there was no clear effect of DOM source mixing on the magnitude of UDOC. Further, the variability in UDOC within and among scenarios was mostly explained by stream DOC concentration, suggesting that DOC availability limits microbial activity in this stream. DOM composition became a controlling factor of UDOC variability only during the leaf litter period, when stream DOC concentration was the highest. Together, these results suggest that the capacity of headwater forested streams to process DOC is closely tied to the availability of different DOM sources and how they vary over time and along the river network.

Highlights

Streams and rivers retain and transform large amounts of particulate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on its downstream route to marine ecosystems [1,2,3]
The objective of this study was to examine the variability of in-stream net DOC uptake (UDOC ) in set of scenarios that can be leveraged to test the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) sources
We found an imprinted signature in stream chemistry related to leaf litter inputs, which produced increases in humic-like DOM compounds in the stream water, and likewise in other Mediterranean streams [33,34]

Summary

Introduction

Streams and rivers retain and transform large amounts of particulate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on its downstream route to marine ecosystems [1,2,3]. The source of dissolved organic matter (DOM) strongly influences in-stream DOC uptake by determining the composition of DOM materials [7,8]. In-stream primary producers (e.g., algae) generally release an array of highly reactive biopolymers [9], whereas terrestrially-derived DOM typically contains a higher proportion of aromatic and humic compounds [10]. The humic character of terrestrial DOM is mostly associated with leachates from riparian leaf litter [11] or with groundwater draining wetlands and boreal forests [12], but this does not seem to be universal.

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