Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the influence of surface pretreatment on shear bond strength (SBS) of an adhesive resin cement (G-CEM Link Force TM, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) to three different yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) ceramics: (1) Copran Zirconia Monolith HT, COP; (2) Katana ML Zirconia, KAT; and (3) Metoxit Z-CAD HTL Zirconia, MET. In total, 45 cylinders (5 mm in diameter, 1 mm height) for each type of zirconia ceramic were prepared used a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) machine (software CEREC 4.2). Each type of zirconia was subdivided into three groups and each group received a different surface pretreatment; 15 samples were not conditioned as control (groups COP 1, KAT 1, MET 1), 15 samples were air-borne particle abraded with aluminum dioxide particles of 50-μm size at 0.3 MPa for 20 s (groups COP 2, KAT 2, MET 2), and 15 samples were hot-etched with a solution of hydrochloric acid and ferric chloride (groups COP 3, KAT 3, MET 3). After specimen fabrication, the adhesive cement–ceramic interface was analyzed using an SBS test. Subsequently, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was measured. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. Air-borne particle abraded specimens showed the highest SBS values for COP and KAT groups. For MET, no significant difference was reported between air-borne particle abraded specimens and untreated controls. The lowest values were detected for acid-etched groups. A higher frequency of ARI = “1” and ARI = “2” was reported in control and air-borne particle abraded groups, whereas ARI = “3” was detected in hot-etched groups. No correlation was found between ARI score and shear bond strength. Air-borne particle abrasion is considered the best treatment for Zirconia Copran and Zirconia Katana ML, if it is followed by using dual-curing resin cement.
Highlights
In recent years, the use of aesthetic materials increased more and more in the field of dentistry.This might be the consequence of the development of new fabrication techniques and of the need to satisfy patients’ desires
Air-borne particle abrasion is considered the best treatment for Zirconia Copran and Zirconia Katana ML, if it is followed by using dual-curing resin cement
Further in vivo studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are required in order to confirm the results of the present in vitro report. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the influence of surface pretreatment on shear bond strength of an adhesive resin cement (G-CEM Link Force TM, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) to three different zirconia ceramics
Summary
The use of aesthetic materials increased more and more in the field of dentistry This might be the consequence of the development of new fabrication techniques and of the need to satisfy patients’ desires. Composite resin block materials are available for CAD/CAM technology since 2000 [2]. During the last few years, zirconia restorations established themselves in conservative dentistry, allowing proper biocompatibility and great mechanical qualities [4,5,6,7,8,9]. These qualities make zirconia optimal for high-stress-bearing areas [10]. The latter represents a critical variable of the whole procedure chosen by the clinic [11]
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