Abstract
This paper presents the results of testing the impact of different farming systems on milk production, milk composition (milk fat, protein and dry matter without fat) and body condition score of Alpine breed goats in different growing systems during one production year. Control of the amount and chemical composition of milk included a total of 59 French Alpine goats at the age of 2-3 years (2-3 lactations), which are divided into two groups with approximate similar body weight. In the first group of goats a stable diet was applied. Goats had a sufficient amount of alfalfa hay available (ad libitum) and the addition of about 0.5 kg of concentrate that is administered twice a day. Goats in the second group in addition to 0.5 kg of alfalfa hay, received 0.25 kg of concentrate and in the period from April to October during the day stayed at the outlet and the surrounding pasture. Control of body weight of goats and body condition were performed once every two months from March to October, while the rate of body condition (BCS) was given score of 1-5. Somatic cell count and chemical quality of milk were controlled on a daily basis in the laboratory for raw milk AD Mlekara - Subotica on the device CombiFoss 6200 FC. Both groups of goats had a statistically significant increase in production of milk (about 45 l) and the average daily milk yield (of about 0.15 l) in the second compared with the third lactation (p <0.01). It was also determined statistically significant effect of lactation on content of protein, dry matter without fat (DMwF) and the number of somatic cells in milk in both groups of goats. Body condition score of the analyzed groups of goats varied over time, and statistically significant differences were found in July (p = 0.021) and September (p = 0.013), where goats from the second group that remained at the pasture in the examined period had higher scores for BCS compared with the first group.
Highlights
Milk from goats is of particular nutritional and economic importance in many parts of the world
Chemical composition of milk and somatic cells were covered by a total of 59 heads of French Alpine breed at age 2-3 years (2-3 lactations), which were divided into two groups, with an approximate similar body weight
Somatic cell count was slightly higher in the first than the second group, due to the high value of the standard deviation this is not a statistically significant difference between groups of goats in this parameter (p = 0.063). Both groups of goats had significantly higher production of milk and average daily milk yield in the second compared to the third lactation (p
Summary
Milk from goats is of particular nutritional and economic importance in many parts of the world. Goat milk is primarily used for the production of traditional cheeses, yoghurt and ice-cream. The composition of milk is one of the major factors determining its value in the market. The nutritive value and technological properties of milk are largely influenced by its composition (Morand-Fehr et al, 2007). A number of animal (species, breed) or environmental (feeding regime, lactation stage, animal health and management) factors affect milk composition (Chillard et al, 2003, Gorecki et al, 2004, Ataşoğlu et al, 2009). Body condition is a very important factor in determining potential milk production. It is a useful tool to help monitor adequate feeding and management
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