Influence of different anti‐hypertensive drugs on gingival overgrowth: A cross‐sectional study in a Turkish population

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence rate of drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) in patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) such as amlodipine, lercanidipine, and benidipine, as well as to assess the relationship of those mentioned above with medication variables and oral hygiene. Sociodemographic details, DIGO, and clinical periodontal parameters were obtained from one hundred and thirty-one patients receiving ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and CCBs for a period of at least 2years. The occurrence rate of DIGO was 19.6% in patients using CCB, 12.5% in the ARB group, and 7.5% in the ACE inhibitor group. In a subgroup analysis of CCBs, DIGO was found to be 31.8% in the amlodipine group, 13.3% in the lercanidipine group, and 7.1% in the benidipine group. While there was a significant relationship between amlodipine drug dosage and DIGO, no association was found between the duration of therapy and DIGO in all CCB subgroups. There was no difference between the groups in terms of DIGO. Duration of therapy and drug dosage did not affect the severity of DIGO in both ACE inhibitors and ARB groups.